{"id":58947,"date":"2025-04-15T14:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-15T19:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/?p=58947"},"modified":"2026-04-14T15:43:51","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T20:43:51","slug":"what-is-aggregate-planning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/blog\/what-is-aggregate-planning","title":{"rendered":"What Is Aggregate Planning? Strategies &#038; Tips"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>For any company to profit from a product, there must be a strategic plan in place to produce just enough to meet that need. Create too few products, and there\u2019s a missed financial opportunity. Create too much, and money is wasted in production and warehousing.<\/p>\n<p>Aggregate planning is a technique to create an equilibrium between demand and capacity. It\u2019s something every company that is producing something needs to know. Let\u2019s take a look at what aggregate production planning is and some aggregate planning strategies.<\/p>\n<h2>What Is Aggregate Planning?<\/h2>\n<p>Aggregate planning is a method for analyzing, developing and maintaining a manufacturing plan with an emphasis on uninterrupted, consistent production. Aggregate planning is most often focused on targeted sales forecasts, inventory management and production levels in the mid-term (3-to-18-month) future.<\/p>\n<p>Note that production <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">planning <\/span>is not just goods, but services as well. Aggregate planning defines the necessary production inputs for a good or service (including facilities, workforce, raw materials and inventory levels) to maintain consistent delivery dates, all while keeping costs down.<\/p>\n<p>This doesn&#8217;t apply solely to individual production lines or the manufacturing of one product. It will cover all the jobs being done at a facility or across several facilities. This allows manufacturers to get the most out of their resources even if there are different demands for products and changes in customer orders, the supply chain or other variables.<\/p>\n<p>Project management software facilitates aggregate planning. <a href=\"\/\">ProjectManager<\/a> is award-winning software that helps manufacturers manage costs and resources to allow for uninterrupted production. Planning on our powerful Gantt charts helps to control costs and resources associated with production runs and reallocate those resources as necessary to keep production lines running smoothly.\u00a0 You can even track the planned effort against the actual effort in real time. Get started with ProjectManager today for free.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_70045\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-70045\" style=\"width: 1839px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/freetrial?edition=d\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-70045 size-full\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Manufacturing-gantt-chart-light-mode-costs-exposed-cta-e1712005286389.jpg\" alt=\"Gantt chart in ProjectManager\" width=\"1839\" height=\"758\" srcset=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Manufacturing-gantt-chart-light-mode-costs-exposed-cta-e1712005286389.jpg 1839w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Manufacturing-gantt-chart-light-mode-costs-exposed-cta-e1712005286389-600x247.jpg 600w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Manufacturing-gantt-chart-light-mode-costs-exposed-cta-e1712005286389-1600x659.jpg 1600w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Manufacturing-gantt-chart-light-mode-costs-exposed-cta-e1712005286389-300x124.jpg 300w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Manufacturing-gantt-chart-light-mode-costs-exposed-cta-e1712005286389-768x317.jpg 768w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Manufacturing-gantt-chart-light-mode-costs-exposed-cta-e1712005286389-1536x633.jpg 1536w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Manufacturing-gantt-chart-light-mode-costs-exposed-cta-e1712005286389-450x185.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1839px) 100vw, 1839px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-70045\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Improve your aggregate planning with robust real-time data from ProjectManager. <a href=\"\/industries\/manufacturing-project-management\">Learn more!<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Who Is Responsible for Aggregate Planning?<\/h2>\n<p>Typically, operations management or a sales and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/blog\/operational-planning-make-operation-plan\">operations planning<\/a> team (S&amp;OP) is responsible for aggregate planning. Operations managers develop and implement the aggregate plan to balance production capacity with forecasted demand. They help oversee decisions about production rates, workforce levels, inventory and outsourcing.<\/p>\n<p>The S&amp;OP team is cross-functional and includes representatives from different departments such as sales, marketing operations, finance and engineering. They work collaboratively to align demand forecasts with the company\u2019s capacity and strategic objectives.<\/p>\n<h2>How to Create an Aggregate Plan<\/h2>\n<p>To create an aggregate plan, you must first determine the number of units that are produced over a specific time frame, which is the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/training\/3-capacity-planning-tips-teams\"><em>capacity<\/em><\/a>, and the number of units needed, which is the <em>customer demand<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Here are some of the factors to consider when trying to create consistency in your process:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Pricing Strategies:<\/strong> When demand is low, reduce the price to match capacity. You can also do the reverse; when demand is high, increase the price.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Advertising\/Promotion:<\/strong> Marketing and promotional activities can impact the demand for your product or service.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Back Ordering:<\/strong> Delay delivery until demand catches up with capacity.<\/li>\n<li><strong>New Demand Creation:<\/strong> Create another demand to supplement an existing one.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Workforce:<\/strong> You can lay off or hire employees to meet the demand or respond to a lack of it. Overtime, subcontracting or use of a temporary workforce is also an option.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"template-download-holder\">\n\t<div class=\"template-download-image-holder\">\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"900\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Production-Schedule-Template-Excel-image.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Production-Schedule-Template-Excel-image.png 1600w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Production-Schedule-Template-Excel-image-600x338.png 600w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Production-Schedule-Template-Excel-image-300x169.png 300w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Production-Schedule-Template-Excel-image-768x432.png 768w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Production-Schedule-Template-Excel-image-1536x864.png 1536w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Production-Schedule-Template-Excel-image-450x253.png 450w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Production-Schedule-Template-Excel-image-384x216.png 384w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Production-Schedule-Template-Excel-image-800x451.png 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/>\t<\/div><p class=\"intro\">Get your free<\/p>\n<h3>Production Schedule Template<\/h3>\n<p class=\"subtitle\">\n\tUse this free Production Schedule Template  for Excel to manage your projects better.<\/p>\n\t\t<button type=\"button\" data-file-id=\"68210\" data-categoryname=\"In blog post\" class=\"button green template-lightbox-trigger-68210\">Download Excel File<\/button>\n\t<\/div> \n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>What&#8217;s the Purpose of Aggregate Planning?<\/h2>\n<p>As stated, the goal of aggregate planning is figuring out the level of production, inventory and workforce required to respond to fluctuating demand in the medium term. With this information, a business can assess when demand will spike or wane, and ensure it has enough product to meet the moment. Aggregate <a href=\"\/blog\/production-planning\">production planning<\/a> also lets manufacturers know what staff, materials, output rates, timeline estimates and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/training\/create-and-manage-project-budget\">budget costs<\/a> they need.<\/p>\n<p>Making forecasts saves the company from changing its <a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/blog\/master-production-schedule\">production schedule<\/a> quickly, which is not only expensive but also creates insecurity and uncertainty. With aggregate planning, you can make a fairly accurate forecast of demand and capacity in the medium term.<\/p>\n<h3>Resource Management<\/h3>\n<p>In other words, you\u2019re working on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/resource-management\">short-term resource allocation.<\/a> This reduces the risk of overproduction, which wastes resources, depresses prices and can lead to oversaturation of your product in the market. By reducing production during periods of weak demand, you save money on labor and materials.<\/p>\n<h3>Cost Savings<\/h3>\n<p>Aggregate planning helps companies achieve their financial goals and improve the bottom line. It allows for maximum utilization of the available production capabilities while meeting customer demand and reducing their wait time, as well as reducing the cost of stocking excess inventory.<\/p>\n<h3>Good Data is Required<\/h3>\n<p>Aggregate planning forecasting is not a magic bullet, though. It\u2019s only as good as the data you collect (and the people you use) to forecast. People have biases, and they can misread economic indicators or use faulty forecast models. There are always unknowns, too, such as material price spikes, implementation of new policies, changing interest rates. Not to mention labor; alterations in labor conditions can cause unrest in your workforce.<\/p>\n<h2>3 Types of Aggregate Planning Strategies<\/h2>\n<p>Success depends on having the following inputs: an aggregate demand forecast for the period you&#8217;re planning for, evaluating capacity management (including using subcontractors, outsourcing, etc.), and the existing operational status of your workforce. All this will lead to greater accuracy, and therefore, a greater likelihood of success.<\/p>\n<p>You can achieve this by applying a variety of aggregate planning strategies. There are three main ones that organizations have used:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Level Strategy:<\/strong> The goal of an aggregate planning strategy is to keep the production rate and the workforce level. This requires strong forecasting of demand to know if production levels must be increased or decreased as customer demands grow and shrink. This aggregate production planning strategy will keep your workforce steady but can increase your inventory and backlog.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chase Strategy:<\/strong> As the name implies, you are chasing market demand. The production matches demand, and excess inventory isn&#8217;t held over. This is part of a larger <a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/blog\/what-is-lean-manufacturing\">lean production strategy,<\/a> which saves money by waiting until an order is placed. However, productivity and quality can be reduced, and it can negatively impact the morale of your workforce.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hybrid Strategy:<\/strong> There is a third alternative, which is a hybrid of the previous two strategies. This keeps the balance between the production rate, workforce and inventory levels, while still responding to demand as it changes. This alternative offers a bit of flexibility that can satisfy demand while working to keep production costs low.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Best Practices for Making an Aggregate Plan<\/h2>\n<p>Whatever strategy you choose, there are some things to keep in mind when using aggregate planning. For one, you want to figure out the demand and capacity for each period. These two should match one another, though this might require overtime or sub-contracting to achieve.<\/p>\n<p>You\u2019ll also want to identify any policies, be they union, departmental or companywide, that can impact production levels. <a href=\"\/blog\/cost-estimation-for-projects\">Cost<\/a> is also important, obviously, so you\u2019ll want to determine fixed and variable costs as well as direct and indirect labor costs.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_61373\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-61373\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"\/templates\/project-estimate-template\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-61373 size-medium\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Project-Estimate-Screenshot-600x404.jpg\" alt=\"Project Estimate Screenshot 600X404\" width=\"600\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Project-Estimate-Screenshot-600x404.jpg 600w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Project-Estimate-Screenshot-300x202.jpg 300w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Project-Estimate-Screenshot-768x517.jpg 768w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Project-Estimate-Screenshot-450x303.jpg 450w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Project-Estimate-Screenshot.jpg 942w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-61373\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Free estimate template for Excel. <a href=\"\/templates\/project-estimate-template\">Download now<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>It never hurts to have an alternative plan just in case. These plans should also follow the same best practices for making an aggregate plan. If you come up with one that meets your objectives, you might discover it in fact costs less and should be your primary aggregate production plan.<\/p>\n<h2>Three Things to Avoid in Aggregate Plans<\/h2>\n<p>While we\u2019ve covered the best practices and types of aggregate planning strategies, let\u2019s review three things to avoid when making aggregate plans.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Ignoring Demand Variability and Forecast Inaccuracies<\/h3>\n<p>Don\u2019t treat <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ismworld.org\/supply-management-news-and-reports\/news-publications\/inside-supply-management-magazine\/blog\/2024\/2024-03\/optimizing-demand-forecasting-challenges-and-best-practices\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">demand forecasts<\/a> as absolute, as you\u2019ll end up creating a rigid plan that doesn\u2019t account for the inherent variability or inaccuracies in these forecasts. Instead, the plan should be flexible. For example, use strategies like flexible workforce options (temporary staff, overtime) and regularly adjust the plan based on actual demand and updated forecasts.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Creating Unrealistic Capacity Assumptions<\/h3>\n<p>When teams overestimate the available production capacity or ignore limitations on equipment or labor availability, it makes plans impossible to execute. This results in missed deadlines, reduced quality and frustrated employees. Instead, base capacity assumptions on realistic assessments of resources.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Developing the Aggregate Plan in Isolation<\/h3>\n<p>Ignoring input and buy-in from key departments such as finance, marketing, sales and human resources can result in a plan that doesn\u2019t align with sales targets, financial constraints or workforce capabilities. Ideally, foster strong communication and collaboration between all relevant departments and gather stakeholder feedback.<\/p>\n<h2>Free Aggregate Planning Templates<\/h2>\n<p>Finding the right balance between demand and capacity is easier with the right tools. Here are some free project management templates that can improve aggregate planning.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/templates\/production-schedule-template\">Production Schedule Template<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>An accurate production schedule can outline what needs to be produced, when and by whom or with what resources. Use this free production schedule template for Excel to better balance supply and demand.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/templates\/capacity-planning-template\">Capacity Planning Template<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Download this free capacity planning template for Excel as a streamlined way to determine how much production capacity is needed to meet the demand for products. It helps balance the available resources to meet customer demand or the project\u2019s capacity needs.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/templates\/inventory-template\">Inventory Template<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This inventory template for Excel makes it easy for managers to see all inventory details in one place. It helps monitor stock levels, manage the reordering process, track inventory turnover and more.<\/p>\n<h2>How ProjectManager Helps with Aggregate Planning<\/h2>\n<p>Work management software helps you reign the variables in your aggregate planning and let you manage your production to keep capacity matched with demand. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\">ProjectManager<\/a> is a cloud-based software that gives you better insights into your manufacturing process, workforce and budget because it delivers real-time data.<\/p>\n<p>Managers understand that aggregate planning is all about resources. You can use the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/software\/gantt-chart\">Gantt chart<\/a> to plan production<a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/software\/gantt-chart\">,<\/a> filter for the critical path and set a baseline to always have project variance available to view. Set up your budget, then manage costs. Your resources&#8217; costs are automatically calculated as your team logs their hours worked. The Gantt chart has a timeline, which provides a visual of the whole production cycle.<\/p>\n<a href=\"\/software\/gantt-chart\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-61512 size-full\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Gantt_Manufacturing_Wide_Zoom-150_Task-Info.jpg\" alt=\"ProjectManager's Gantt chart with task info\" width=\"1568\" height=\"817\" srcset=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Gantt_Manufacturing_Wide_Zoom-150_Task-Info.jpg 1568w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Gantt_Manufacturing_Wide_Zoom-150_Task-Info-600x313.jpg 600w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Gantt_Manufacturing_Wide_Zoom-150_Task-Info-300x156.jpg 300w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Gantt_Manufacturing_Wide_Zoom-150_Task-Info-768x400.jpg 768w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Gantt_Manufacturing_Wide_Zoom-150_Task-Info-1536x800.jpg 1536w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Gantt_Manufacturing_Wide_Zoom-150_Task-Info-450x234.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\" \/><\/a>\n<p>Keeping track of your team, their hours and availability is key to a successful aggregate production plan. With ProjectManager, you can <a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/software\/resource-management\">set your teams\u2019 workdays, holidays and PTO.<\/a> You can also view all the tasks assigned to them on a Team Page. Then, you can switch over to the color-coded workload chart. From there, you can re-allocate their work to balance their workload and help them work more productively.<\/p>\n<p>Another of ProjectManager&#8217;s work views is the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/software\/kanban\">kanban board.<\/a> This visual workflow tool lets your teams manage their backlog, while you get transparency into where they are in the production cycle. Aggregate planning is all about matching capacity to demand.<\/p>\n<p>With the board view, you can see potential roadblocks and re-allocate resources to keep the team working. ProjectManager is fast, flexible and provides the visibility needed for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/project-planning\">project planning<\/a>, resource management and capacity planning.<\/p>\n<a href=\"\/software\/kanban\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-61524 size-full\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Kanban_Marketing_Wide_Zoom-150_Moving-task-to-different-status.jpg\" alt=\"A screenshot of the Kanban board project view\" width=\"1568\" height=\"817\" srcset=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Kanban_Marketing_Wide_Zoom-150_Moving-task-to-different-status.jpg 1568w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Kanban_Marketing_Wide_Zoom-150_Moving-task-to-different-status-600x313.jpg 600w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Kanban_Marketing_Wide_Zoom-150_Moving-task-to-different-status-300x156.jpg 300w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Kanban_Marketing_Wide_Zoom-150_Moving-task-to-different-status-768x400.jpg 768w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Kanban_Marketing_Wide_Zoom-150_Moving-task-to-different-status-1536x800.jpg 1536w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Kanban_Marketing_Wide_Zoom-150_Moving-task-to-different-status-450x234.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\" \/><\/a>\n<p><em>ProjectManager is award-winning software that gives teams collaborative platform, and gives managers transparency without getting in the way of their workforce. See how it can help you meet demand, whether you\u2019re working on one or dozens of projects at once. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/software\/pricing\">Try ProjectManager today for free.<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For any company to profit from a product, there must be a strategic plan in place to produce just enough&#8230;<br \/><a class=\"excerpt-read-more button blue\" href=\"https:\/\/www.projectmanager.com\/blog\/what-is-aggregate-planning\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60,"featured_media":59288,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":0,"_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-title":"","_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-description":"","_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-image":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-title":"","_yoast_wpseo_twitter-description":"","head_code_insert":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[315,195,193,131],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-58947","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-manufacturing","category-planning","category-project-management","category-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.3 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What Is Aggregate Planning? 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